Research outsourcing

India and China offer high quality and low cost research services to the EU and US (signal for outsourcing the majority of the EU R&D).

A Chinese or Indian university in worldwide top 20 universit ...

A Chinese or Indian university is ranked in the top 20 universities worldwide (currently, Peking University is ranked 50th). Weak signal for future dominance of India or China over Europe in academia.

R&D collaboration tax

US and EU countries decide to levy high taxes on cross border R&D collaborations. Early indicator for research isolationism. For instance, Western governments fear that China and India are gaining competitive advantages through...